TDS Calculator

Check the TDS on interest, rent, professional fees and more.

Section

Professional fees

Payment Amount

₹

PAN Furnished?

Threshold That Applies

₹50,000

Threshold Crossed?

Yes — TDS applies

Rate Applied

10%

Amount TDS Runs On

₹1,20,000

Net Payment To Payee

₹1,08,000

TDS Deductible

₹12,000

Net Payment

TDS

What Is a TDS Calculator?

A TDS, or Tax Deducted at Source, calculator tells you how much tax should be deducted before a payment reaches you, or before you make a payment to someone else, based on the type of income or payment and the applicable section of the Income Tax Act.

Common TDS Rates and Thresholds for FY 2026-27

Payment type	Section	Rate	Threshold
Bank or post office interest	194A	10%	Above ₹50,000 a year (₹1,00,000 for senior citizens)
Interest from any other payer	194A	10%	Above ₹10,000 a year
Rent on land or building	194I	10%	Above ₹50,000 in any single month
Rent on plant and machinery	194I	2%	Above ₹50,000 in any single month
Professional fees	194J	10%	Above ₹50,000 a year
Technical services	194J	2%	Above ₹50,000 a year
Commission or brokerage	194H	2%	Above ₹20,000 a year
Contractor payment	194C	1% individual / 2% others	Above ₹30,000
Mutual fund income	194K	10%	Above ₹10,000 a year
Purchase of goods	194Q	0.1%	Above ₹50,00,000, on the excess only

TDS rules span many more categories, so confirm the exact section and current threshold against the official Income Tax Department chart before filing.

Three Rules That Catch People Out

194I is a monthly test. The trigger is rent exceeding ₹50,000 in any single month, not a yearly aggregate. Budget 2025 replaced the old ₹2,40,000 annual threshold with this monthly one.
194A depends on who is paying. A banking company, co-operative bank or post office gets the ₹50,000 threshold, or ₹1,00,000 for senior citizens. Any other payer’s threshold is ₹10,000.
194Q taxes only the excess. Every other section applies the rate to the whole payment once the threshold is crossed. 194Q applies it only to the amount above ₹50 lakh.

What Happens Without a PAN

Section 206AA applies the higher of the section rate, the rate in force, or 20% — 5% in the case of 194Q. The calculator applies this automatically when you mark PAN as not furnished.

How TDS on Salary Works Differently

Unlike most other TDS categories, salary TDS is not a flat percentage. Your employer estimates your total annual income, applies the tax slab rates based on whichever regime you have indicated, or the default new regime if you have not chosen, and deducts a proportionate amount from each month’s salary so that your total liability is roughly covered by the time the financial year ends.

What Happens if TDS Is Deducted in Excess

If your actual tax liability, after including all your income and eligible deductions, turns out lower than what was deducted as TDS across the year, you claim the excess as a refund when filing your income tax return. This is common for freelancers and professionals whose clients deduct TDS at a flat 10% under Section 194J even when their overall slab is lower.

Key Takeaways

A TDS calculator estimates the tax withheld on income like interest, rent or professional fees, based on the applicable section, rate, and threshold.
Interest TDS thresholds are higher for senior citizens than for others on bank and post office deposits.
The rent threshold under 194I is tested per month, not per year.
If TDS deducted exceeds your actual tax liability for the year, you can claim the difference as a refund when filing your income tax return.

FAQs

Yes, if your total income is below the taxable threshold, you can submit Form 15G, or Form 15H for senior citizens, to the bank or post office to prevent TDS deduction on interest income.